Wednesday, 31 August 2011

Ramadhan Day 29 - Quran, Chapter 29


Surah 67, Al-Mulk (The Kingdom), 30 Verses &
Surah 68, Al-Qalam (The Pen), 52 Verses &
Surah 69, Al-Haaqa (The Reality), 52 Verses &
Surah 70, Al-Ma'arij (The Ascending Stairways), 44 Verses &
Surah 71, Nuh, 28 Verses &
Surah 72, Al-Jinn (The Jinn), 28 Verses &
Surah 73, Al-Muzzamil (The Enshrouded One), 20 Verses &
Surah 74, Al-Muddaththir (The Cloaked One), 56 Verses &
Surah 75, Al-Qiyaama (The Resurrection), 40 Verses &
Surah 76, Al-Insaan (Man), 31 Verses &
Surah 77, Al-Mursalaat (The Emissaries) 50 Verses

Chapter 29 begins with Surah 67, Al-Mulk (The Kingdom). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 30 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 67, Al-Mulk (The Kingdom)
Section 1: God's is the Kingdom of the universe, verses 1-14

"Blessed is He in Whose hand is the Sovereignty, and, He is Able to do all things. Who hath created life and death that He may try you which of you is best in conduct; and He is the Mighty, the Forgiving, Who hath created seven heavens in harmony. Thou (Muhammad) canst see no fault in the Beneficent One's creation; then look again: Canst thou see any rifts?" (Verses 1-3)

"And verily We have beautified the world's heaven with lamps, and We have made them missiles for the devils, and for them We have prepared the doom of flame." (Verse 5)

"And for those who disbelieve in their Lord there is the doom of hell, a hapless journey's end! When they are flung therein they hear its roaring as it boileth up, As it would burst with rage. Whenever a (fresh) host is flung therein the wardens thereof ask them: Came there unto you no warner?
They say: Yea, verily, a warner came unto us; but we denied and said: Allah hath naught revealed; ye are in naught but a great error. And they say: Had we been wont to listen or have sense, we had not been among the dwellers in the flames.
So they acknowledge their sins; but far removed (from mercy) are the dwellers in the flames." (Verses 6-11)

"And keep your opinion secret or proclaim it, lo! He is Knower of all that is in the breasts (of men). Should He not know what He created? And He is the Subtile, the Aware." (Verses 13-14)

As mentioned in previous Chapters, Allah is the creator of the universe and the entire Kingdom is His alone He has created the heavens and the earth, the stars and the comets. He has created life and death so that we can be tried and rewarded accordingly. Allah has given man intelligence, power of observation and contemplation and discretion to decide which path he will walk on. The idea of death reminds him about the life he will have after he crosses the frontiers of this life and enters a new state of existence. 

Verses 6-11 tell of the fate of the disbelievers. When the disbelievers & hypocrites pass through the ordeal of judgement to enter the fire of punishment they will freely confess their evil behaviour unto the Holy Prophet and his Ahlul-Bayt, but the time for repentance and amendment will have long been passed. Man has been given faculties to distinguish good from evil, and he is further helped by the teachings of the Holy Prophet and his Ahlul-Bayt, but when he fails to follow the light of guidance his destination is degradation and blazing fire.

Section 2: The straying one and those guided aright are not alike, verses 15-30

"Have ye taken security from Him Who is in the heaven that He will not cause the earth to swallow you when lo! it is convulsed? Or have ye taken security from Him Who is in the heaven that He will not let loose on you a hurricane? But ye shall know the manner of My warning." (Verses 16-17)

"Or who is he that will be an army unto you to help you instead of the Beneficent? The disbelievers are in naught but illusion. Or who is he that will provide for you if He should withhold His providence? Nay, but they are set in pride and frowardness." (Verses 20-21)

"Is he who goeth groping on his face more rightly guided, or he who walketh upright on a straight road? Say (unto them, O Muhammad): He it is who gave you being, and hath assigned unto you ears and eyes and hearts. Small thanks give ye! Say: He it is Who multiplieth you in the earth, and unto Whom ye will be gathered." (Verses 22-24)

Should Allah choose he can destroy mankind with an earthquake or an hurricane as has been done before towards the disbelievers. Allah's mercy and grace are the only two sources of man's strength. The greatest army of resources that man can muster is of no use against His wrath when it befalls upon him. From verses 22-24, every man, except those who have been thoroughly purified and guided by Allah, is in need of guidance. The guidance can only come from the Holy Prophet and the Ahlul-Bayt.

Next is Surah 68, Al-Qalam (The Pen), which was revealed at Mecca and has 52 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 68, Al-Qalam (The Pen)
Section 1: The Prophet owns the highest character, verses 1-33

"And lo! thine verily will be a reward unfailing. And lo! thou art of a tremendous nature. And thou wilt see and they will see Which of you is the demented. Lo! thy Lord is Best Aware of him who strayeth from His way, and He is Best Aware of those who walk aright." (Verses 3-7)

"Therefor obey not thou the rejecters Who would have had thee compromise, that they may compromise. Neither obey thou each feeble oath-monger, Detracter, spreader abroad of slanders, Hinderer of the good, transgressor, malefactor Greedy therewithal, intrusive." (Verses 8-12)

"It may be that our Lord will give us better than this in place thereof. Lo! we beseech our Lord. Such was the punishment. And verily the punishment of the Hereafter is greater if they did but know." (Verses 32-33)

A continuous and abundant flow of Allah's grace and mercy always surrounded the Holy Prophet from all sides in every moment of his life. He stands on a most exalted standard of character and his life is an incomparable living illustration and explanation of the Quran. It is more appropriate if said that the Quran is a mirror of his most honoured being. His life pattern is now the standard for his followers.

The enemies of truth, in order to save their skin and to cling to their fast disappearing privileges, try to make compromise with the upholders of truth, but the rightly guided believers who submit themselves to the will of Allah do not ever choose the easy path of compromise. The hateful qualities mentioned in verses 10-13 made the enemies of the Holy Prophet peculiarly despicable, as was Walid ibn Mughayra, a ringleader of those who used to belie and slander the Holy Prophet.

Verses 17-33 tell the parable of the owners of the garden. In Yemen the owner of a beautiful and bountiful garden used to hand out the produce to the poor and needy. After his death, two his sons decided to horde the fruits for themselves. A third son wanted to continue in his father's tradition but was not allowed. Soon, Allah destroyed the garden and laid is barren. The third son advised the sons to repent and the sons realising their error, turned to Allah in repentance and were soon forgiven. The garden returned to its state and the legacy of the father continued. If the repentance is sincere, there is hope. Allah turns evil into good. If repentance is not sincere, it becomes hypocrisy.

Section 2: How the guilty will be punished, verses 34-52

"Lo! for those who keep from evil are gardens of bliss with their Lord. Shall We then treat those who have surrendered as We treat the guilty?" (Verses 34-35)
"On the day when it befalleth in earnest, and they are ordered to prostrate themselves but are not able, With eyes downcast, abasement stupefying them. And they had been summoned to prostrate themselves while they were yet unhurt." (Verses 42-43)

"Leave Me (to deal) with those who give the lie to this pronouncement. We shall lead them on by steps from whence they know not. Yet I bear with them, for lo! My scheme is firm. Or dost thou (Muhammad) ask a fee from them so that they are heavily taxed?" (Verses 44-46)

"But wait thou for thy Lord's decree, and be not like him of the fish, who cried out in despair. Had it not been that favour from his Lord had reached him he surely had been cast into the wilderness while he was reprobate. But his Lord chose him and placed him among the righteous." (Verses 48-50)

The fate of the believers will be in complete contrast to the disbelievers as should be the case. When the light of the glory of Allah will manifest the sincere believers will bow in adoration but the disbelievers whose past deliberate refusal, when they had freedom to believe and yet disbelieved, will stand in their way and their past memories will fill them with deepest dismay and humiliation, and the sure punishment shall surround them from all sides.

In verses 44-46, the Holy Prophet is advised not to worry over the fate of the disbelievers. Allah shall deal with them as he wills. Allah's plan is so decisive that they will never be able to escape from it. The Holy Prophet never charged any compensation to preach the message of Allah but was advised to be patient. Verses 48-50 compare this with the fate of Prophet Younus who lost patience with his followers but soon turned repentant towards Allah.

Following on, next comes Surah 69, Al-Haqqa (The Reality). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 52 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 69, Al-Haqqa (The Reality)
Section 1: The inevitable, verse 1-37

"The Reality! What is the Reality? Ah, what will convey unto thee what the reality is!" (Verses 1-3)
"And when the trumpet shall sound one blast And the earth with the mountains shall be lifted up and crushed with one crash, Then, on that day will the Event befall. And the heaven will split asunder, for that day it will be frail. And the angels will be on the sides thereof, and eight will uphold the Throne of thy Lord that day, above them." (Verses 13-17)

"Then, as for him who is given his record in his right hand, he will say: Take, read my book! Surely I knew that I should have to meet my reckoning." (Verses 19-20)
"But as for him who is given his record in his left hand, he will say: Oh, would that I had not been given my book And knew not what my reckoning! Oh, would that it had been death!" (Verses 25-27)

This section talks about the inevitable arrival of the Day of Judgement. The earth will come crashing down and the heavens will be split asunder. We will be given our book of deeds, those who receive it in their right hand will have the blessings of Allah. For those who receive it in their left hand, much punishment lies await in hell.

Section 2: The Prophet and the Quran testified, verses 38-52

"But nay! I swear by all that ye see And all that ye see not That it is indeed the speech of an illustrious messenger." (Verses 38-40)

"It is a revelation from the Lord of the Worlds. And if he had invented false sayings concerning Us, We assuredly had taken him by the right hand And then severed his life-artery, And not one of you could have held Us off from him." (Verses 43-47)

"And lo! We know that some among you will deny (it). And lo! it is indeed an anguish for the disbelievers. And lo! it is absolute truth. So glorify the name of thy Tremendous Lord." (Verses 49-52)

Regardless of the prosecution and suffering inflicted upon the Holy Prophet, his message never wavered, it was divine revelation. The protection which the Holy Prophet received from Allah in circumstances of danger and difficulty, insurmountable from every material points of view, would not be available to an impostor.

The message of Allah is glad tidings for those who believe in Him and His Prophet and follow their laws, but in the case of the unjust it is a cause of sorrow, because it denounces sin and punishes the sinners. As Allah has given us this "absolute truth" through the Holy Prophet, we must understand it, follow it and be grateful to Him and His messenger, the Holy Prophet. We must celebrate His praises in thought, word and deed.

Moving through the Surahs, we arrive at Surah 70, Al-Ma'arij (The Ascending Stairways). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 44 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 70, Al-Ma'arij (The Ascending Stairways)
Section 1: The punishment and the ways of spiritual elevations, verses 1-35

"But be patient (O Muhammad) with a patience fair to see. Lo! they behold it afar off While we behold it nigh.
The day when the sky will become as molten copper, And the hills become as flakes of wool,
And no familiar friend will ask a question of his friend Though they will be given sight of them. The guilty man will long to be able to ransom himself from the punishment of that day at the price of his children And his spouse and his brother." (Verses 5-12)

"Save worshippers. Who are constant at their worship." (Verses 22-23)
"And those who believe in the Day of Judgment, And those who are fearful of their Lord's doom - Lo! the doom of their Lord is that before which none can feel secure." (Verses 26-28)

These verses once again behold the differences between the disbelievers and the believers on the Day of Judgement. The evil-doers imagine that the retribution for their sins is so far off that it may not come at all. The sinners will be so overcome with terror at the realisation of their horrible end that they will desert their most intimate friends, offer their children, their families and those who had protected and sheltered them, in fact everything they can, as a ransom to obtain salvation, but nothing will save them from the fire of hell.

Verses 22-35 describe the believers. They are those who are devoted to worship of Allah, by surrendering completely to Allah and to seek His nearness and pleasure, manifesting the attributes of Allah in thoughts, words and deeds. They live the life on this earth in the interest of the life of hereafter. The perfect models of such beings are the Holy Prophet and his Ahlul-Bayt. 

Section 2: Better nations can easily be raised instead, verses 36-44

"What aileth those who disbelieve, that they keep staring toward thee (O Muhammad), open-eyed, On the right and on the left, in groups? Doth every man among them hope to enter the Garden of Delight?" (Verses 36-38)

"But nay! I swear by the Lord of the rising-places and the setting-places of the planets that We verily are Able To replace them by (others) better than them. And we are not to be outrun." (Verses 40-41)

"So let them chat and play until they meet their Day which they are promised, The day when they come forth from the graves in haste, as racing to a goal, With eyes aghast, abasement stupefying them: Such is the Day which they are promised." (Verses 42-44)

From verse 36, the disbelievers not only do not believe in the hereafter but also ridicule the bliss of the hereafter when it is described to them. Man's natural growth from a living germ, without discipline and good deeds, will not result in virtue. The animal part of man is nothing to be proud of. It is by spiritual effort and hard preparation through a good life that man can obtain the dignity and honour of a noble human being which is his destiny.

Next comes Surah 71, Nuh. It was revealed at Mecca and has 28 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 71, Nuh
Sections 1 & 2: Noah's exhortation to his people & Noah prays for the destruction of the people, verses 1-28

"Lo! We sent Noah unto his people (saying): Warn thy people ere the painful doom come unto them. He said: O my people! Lo! I am a plain warner unto you." (Verses 1-2)
"He said: My Lord! Lo! I have called unto my people night and day But all my calling doth but add to their repugnance; And lo! whenever I call unto them that Thou mayst pardon them they thrust their fingers in their ears and cover themselves with their garments and persist (in their refusal) and magnify themselves in pride.
And lo! I have called unto them aloud, And lo! I have made public proclamation unto them, and I have appealed to them in private.And I have said: Seek pardon of your Lord. Lo! He was ever Forgiving." (Verses 5-10)
"See ye not how Allah hath created seven heavens in harmony, And hath made the moon a light therein, and made the sun a lamp? And Allah hath caused you to grow as a growth from the earth, And afterward He maketh you return thereto, and He will bring you forth again, a (new) forthbringing." (Verses 15-18)

"Noah said: My Lord! Lo! they have disobeyed me and followed one whose wealth and children increase him in naught save ruin." (Verse 21)
"And they have said: Forsake not your gods. Forsake not Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr." (Verse 23)
"Because of their sins they were drowned, then made to enter a Fire. And they found they had no helpers in place of Allah. And Noah said: My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers in the land. If Thou shouldst leave them, they will mislead Thy slaves and will beget none save lewd ingrates.
My Lord! Forgive me and my parents and him who entereth my house believing, and believing men and believing women, and increase not the wrong-doers in aught save ruin." (Verses 25-28)

The people of Prophet Nuh have been discussed in previous chapters. Here, Prophet Nuh declares all the efforts he has made to make the people believe in the message of Allah. Many of his people continued to disbelieve him and refused to turn away from their own gods (named in verse 23) and so they were duly punished by Allah after Prophet Nuh prays for their destruction in verse 26.

Moving on to Surah 72, Al-Jinn (The Jinn), this was revealed at Mecca and has 28 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 72, Al-Jinn (The Jinn)
Section 1: Believers among the Jinn, verses 1-19

"Say (O Muhammad): It is revealed unto me that a company of the Jinn gave ear, and they said: Lo! we have heard a marvellous Qur'an, Which guideth unto righteousness, so we believe in it and we ascribe no partner unto our Lord." (Verses 1-2)

"And indeed (O Muhammad) individuals of humankind used to invoke the protection of individuals of the jinn, so that they increased them in revolt against Allah); And indeed they supposed, even as ye suppose, that Allah would not raise anyone (from the dead) - And (the Jinn who had listened to the Qur'an said): We had sought the heaven but had found it filled with strong warders and meteors." (Verses 6-8)

"And among us there are righteous folk and among us there are far from that. We are sects having different rules. And we know that we cannot escape from Allah in the earth, nor can we escape by flight." (Verses 11-12)

There are many Jinns, like humans who believe in the unity of Allah and have read the Holy Quran. Humans started to idolise jinns which in turn made some of them arrogant and thought that they should be the guardians of mankind. They became daring and tried to pry the higher realms but were defeated by vigilant guards in heaven (verse 8). As verses 11-12 state, there are among the jinn some who are righteous and some otherwise, but all of them know that Allah's truth and Allah's plan must prevail, and no one can frustrate His purpose or escape from it. Those who do not follow the right path and deviate shall be the fuel of the fire. 

Section 2: Selected Prophet specially protected, verses 20-28

"Say (unto them, O Muhammad): I pray unto Allah only, and ascribe unto Him no partner." (Verse 20)
"(Mine is) but conveyance (of the Truth) from Allah, and His messages; and whoso disobeyeth Allah and His messenger, lo! his is fire of hell, wherein such dwell for ever." (Verse 23)

"Say (O Muhammad, unto the disbelievers): I know not whether that which ye are promised is nigh, or if my Lord hath set a distant term for it. (He is) the Knower of the Unseen, and He revealeth unto none His secret, Save unto every messenger whom He hath chosen, and then He maketh a guard to go before him and a guard behind him That He may know that they have indeed conveyed the messages of their Lord. He surroundeth all their doings, and He keepeth count of all things." (Verses 25-28)

As the Holy Prophet always carried out the commands of Allah in letter and spirit, no matter how much the odds were against him, he is addressed as the servant of Allah: Abdullah. Allah alone knows the unseen. It was not made known to any save the Holy Prophet. The universal will of Allah exercises absolute authority and takes affect as soon as it is willed.

That concludes Surah 72 and we move on to Surah 73, Al-Muzzamil (The Enshrouded One). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 20 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 73, Al-Muzzamil (The Enshrouded One)
Sections 1 & 2: Extra importance of night prayer & Prayer and the recital of Quran enjoined, verses 1-20

"Keep vigil the night long, save a little - A half thereof, or abate a little thereof Or add (a little) thereto - and chant the Qur'an in measure, For we shall charge thee with a word of weight." (Verses 2-5)

"Lo! the vigil of the night is (a time) when impression is more keen and speech more certain. Lo! thou hast by day a chain of business. So remember the name of thy Lord and devote thyself with a complete devotion." (Verses 6-8)

"And bear with patience what they utter, and part from them with a fair leave-taking. Leave Me to deal with the deniers, lords of ease and comfort (in this life); and do thou respite them awhile." (Verses 10-11)

"Lo! thy Lord knoweth how thou keepest vigil sometimes nearly two-thirds of the night, or (sometimes) half or a third thereof, as do a party of those with thee. Allah measureth the night and the day. He knoweth that ye count it not, and turneth unto you in mercy. Recite, then, of the Qur'an that which is easy for you. He knoweth that there are sick folk among you, while others travel in the land in search of Allah's bounty, and others (still) are fighting for the cause of Allah. So recite of it that which is easy (for you), and establish worship and pay the poor-due, and (so) lend unto Allah a goodly loan. Whatsoever good ye send before you for your souls, ye will find it with Allah, better and greater in the recompense. And seek forgiveness of Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful." (Verse 20)

The midnight and after midnight prayers are called the tahajjud prayers. The Holy Prophet has been advised to pray for only a small part of the night so as to not overburden the Muslims. However the tahajjud  prayers come highly recommended. For contemplation, prayer and talking directly to Allah, night is the most suitable time, when calm and silence prevail, free from the distracting business of the day. 

Verses 10-11  enjoin patience for the believers against the disbelievers, a highminded and civilised attitude makes clear to them that a true believer never pays attention to ignorant nonsense and always puts trust in Allah.

Verse 20 is a long all-encompassing verse. It enjoins regularity in prayer, giving charity and recitation of the Quran. The Quran must be recited whole-heartedly and willingly, not as a mechanical ritual nor its recitation should be felt as a burden. It concludes with the reminder that whatever good mankind does the more greater the recompense from Allah.

Moving on to Surah 74, Al-Muddaththir (The Cloaked One). It was revealed at Mecca and has 56 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 74, Al-Muddaththir (The Cloaked One)
Section 1: The Prophet commissioned to warn mankind, verses 1-31

"O thou enveloped in thy cloak, Arise and warn! Thy Lord magnify, Thy raiment purify, Pollution shun! 
And show not favour, seeking wordly gain! For the sake of thy Lord, be patient!" (Verses 1-7)

"Ah, what will convey unto thee what that burning is! - It leaveth naught; it spareth naught It shrivelleth the man. Above it are nineteen." (Verses 27-30)

"We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals." (Verse 31)

Al-Muddaththir, like al-Muzzamil is one of the titles of the Holy Prophet. The Holy Prophet was now to go forth boldly to deliver the divine message, publicly proclaim the unity of Allah and invite mankind to worship Allah alone and follow His religion. Verses 11-30 were revealed in reference to Walid bin Mughayra who tried to claim the Holy Prophet was a sorcerer. There are Walids in all ages. They do not understand divine guidance and seek to explain its rational influence over the lives of intelligent men by some such meaningless formula as magic or sorcery. Their perversity can only end in the fire of punishment. Verse 30 refers to the nineteen angels who guard and administer hell.

Section 2: Quran, a warning to mankind, verses 32-56

"Lo! this is one of the greatest (portents) As a warning unto men, Unto him of you who will advance or hang back." (Verses 35-37)

"Every soul is a pledge for its own deeds; Save those who will stand on the right hand. In gardens they will ask one another Concerning the guilty: What hath brought you to this burning? They will answer: We were not of those who prayed Nor did we feed the wretched. We used to wade (in vain dispute) with (all) waders, And we used to deny the Day of Judgment, Till the Inevitable came unto us. The mediation of no mediators will avail them then." (Verses 38-48)

"Nay, but everyone of them desireth that he should be given open pages (from Allah). Nay, verily. They fear not the Hereafter. Nay, verily. Lo! this is an Admonishment. So whosoever will may heed. And they will not heed unless Allah willeth (it). He is the fount of fear. He is the fount of Mercy." (Verses 52-56)

The Quran has been sent as a warning to mankind. The disbelievers will be questioned by the believers in the hereafter and they will admit to the failings. In verse 48, Allah states that even requesting intercession will be of no avail for some. The Quran is a reminder, the last and final among the revealed books of Allah. If man has the will to be guided aright he will follow its message. There is no compulsion in the religion of Allah. 

Three more Surahs left in Chapter 29 and next up is Surah 75, Al-Qiyaama (The Resurrection). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 40 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 75, Al-Qiyaama (The Resurrection)
Section 1: The Resurrection, verses 1-30

"Thinketh man that We shall not assemble his bones? Yea, verily. We are Able to restore his very fingers! But man would fain deny what is before him." (Verses 3-5)

"He asketh: When will be this Day of Resurrection? But when sight is confounded And the moon is eclipsed And sun and moon are united, On that day man will cry: Whither to flee! Alas! No refuge!" (Verses 6-11)

"Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it. Lo! upon Us (resteth) the putting together thereof and the reading thereof. And when We read it, follow thou the reading;Then lo! upon Us (resteth) the explanation thereof." (Verses 16-19)

"That day will faces be resplendent, Looking toward their Lord; And that day will other faces be despondent, Thou wilt know that some great disaster is about to fall on them." (Verses 22-25)

Resurrection is discussed yet again here. Verses 6-11 describe what will happen to the sun and the moon. Verses 16-19 explain that the recitation of the Holy Quran on that day is the divine responsibility. Verses 22-25 talk of the Day of Judgement being a source of great calamity for the guilty ones.

Section 2: The dead shall be resurrected, verses 31-40

"Thinketh man that he is to be left aimless? Was he not a drop of fluid which gushed forth? Then he became a clot; then (Allah) shaped and fashioned And made of him a pair, the male and female. Is not He (Who doeth so) Able to bring the dead to life?" (Verses 36-40)

Allah reiterates how mankind has been created from a drop of semen and made into male and female. People continue to doubt whether the resurrection will actually take place.

The penultimate Surah of Chapter 29 is Surah 76, Al-Insaan (Man), which was revealed at Mecca and has 31 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 76, Al-Insaan (Man)
Section 1: The origin of mankind, verses 1-22

"Lo! We create man from a drop of thickened fluid to test him; so We make him hearing, knowing. Lo! We have shown him the way, whether he be grateful or disbelieving.
Lo! We have prepared for disbelievers manacles and carcans and a raging fire. Lo! the righteous shall drink of a cup whereof the mixture is of Kafur." (Verses 2-5)

"And feed with food the needy wretch, the orphan and the prisoner, for love of Him, (Saying): We feed you, for the sake of Allah only. We wish for no reward nor thanks from you; Lo! we fear from our Lord a day of frowning and of fate. Therefor Allah hath warded off from them the evil of that day, and hath made them find brightness and joy." (Verses 8-11)

"Their raiment will be fine green silk and gold embroidery. Bracelets of silver will they wear. Their Lord will slake their thirst with a pure drink. (And it will be said unto them): Lo! this is a reward for you. Your endeavour (upon earth) hath found acceptance." (Verses 21-22)

Man has been created from a fertilised egg and then endowed with faculties of intellect and insight allowing him to make a choice towards Allah if he wills. Verses 8-22 refer to the Ahlul-Bayt and were revealed after a specific event. Both Imam Hasan (as) and Imam Hussain (as) were taken ill. The Holy Prophet advised Imam Ali (as) to promise Allah that they would all observe 3 days of fasting if they recover. Soon they returned to good health, so Imam Ali (as), Imam Hasan (as), Imam Hussain (as), Bibi Fatima (as) and Bibi Fizza fasted for 3 consecutive days.
When it came to breaking the fast at sunset, each time a visitor knocked on the door requesting food. First was a poor man, second time was an orphan and the on the last night a recently freed slave visited the house. Each time the family gave their food to the visitor and broke their own fast with only water. The Holy Prophet revealed that these verses were revealed in their praise and they go on to describe some of the bounties available to the Ahlul-Bayt in heaven, culminating in verse 22.

Section 2: If God wills, another generation will be raised, verses 23-31

"We, even We, created them, and strengthened their frame. And when We will, We can replace them, bringing others like them in their stead." (Verse 28)

"Lo! this is an Admonishment, that whosoever will may choose a way unto his Lord. Yet ye will not, unless Allah willeth. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise. He maketh whom He will to enter His mercy, and for evil-doers hath prepared a painful doom." (Verses 29-31)

Allah created man and gave him strength to resist evil and follow the path of goodness. Multiple generations have come and gone; all advised to follow the same message and all with the same ability to chose their path, right or wrong. This whole Surah is an acknowledgement of the unique excellence of the Ahlul-Bayt, who always turned to Allah and only desired what Allah desired as he has purified them with a thorough purification (Surah 33, Verse 33).

The final Surah of Chapter 29 is Surah 77, Al-Mursalaat (The Emissaries). This Surah was revealed at Mecca and has 50 verses in 2 sections.

Surah 77, Al-Mursalaat (The Emissaries)
Section 1: The day of requital, verses 1-40

"By the emissary winds, (sent) one after another... By those who bring down the Reminder, To excuse or to warn, Surely that which ye are promised will befall." (Verse 1, 5-7)

"And when the messengers are brought unto their time appointed - For what day is the time appointed? For the Day of Decision. And what will convey unto thee what the Day of Decision is! - Woe unto the repudiators on that day!" (Verses 11-15)

"This is a day wherein they speak not, Nor are they suffered to put forth excuses. Woe unto the repudiators on that day!
This is the Day of Decision, We have brought you and the men of old together. If now ye have any wit, outwit Me. Woe unto the repudiators on that day!" (Verses 35-40)

This section describes the fate of the disbelievers yet again. It highlights how they continued to deny Allah's creation and blessings and on the "Day of Decision," they will surely suffer the consequences.

Section 2: The reward and the punishment, verses 41-50

"Lo! those who kept their duty are amid shade and fountains, And fruits such as they desire. (Unto them it is said:) Eat, drink and welcome, O ye blessed, in return for what ye did." (Verses 41-43)

"Woe unto the repudiators on that day! Eat and take your ease (on earth) a little. Lo! ye are guilty.
Woe unto the repudiators on that day! When it is said unto them: Bow down, they bow not down!
Woe unto the repudiators on that day! In what statement, after this, will they believe?" (Verses 45-50)

Chapter 29 concludes with more clarification on the rewards and punishments for the believers and disbelievers respectively. That just leaves the final chapter of the Holy Quran that I will complete later today inshallah.

Thank you for reading.

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